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	<title type="html"><![CDATA[S-T-D - Bkhive and Samdump2]]></title>
	<link rel="self" href="http://forum.s-t-d.org/extern.php?action=feed&amp;tid=2025&amp;type=atom"/>
	<updated>2004-12-14T16:23:36Z</updated>
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	<id>http://forum.s-t-d.org/viewtopic.php?id=2025</id>
		<entry>
			<title type="html"><![CDATA[Bkhive and Samdump2]]></title>
			<link rel="alternate" href="http://forum.s-t-d.org/viewtopic.php?pid=10539#p10539"/>
			<content type="html"><![CDATA[<p>Tool name: BkHive &amp; Samdump2</p><p>Tool Description:</p><p>&quot;Syskey&nbsp; is&nbsp; a Windows feature that adds an additional encryption layer<br />to the password hashes stored in the SAM database. The main purpose of<br />this&nbsp; feature&nbsp; is&nbsp; to&nbsp; deter &#039;offline&#039; attack. In fact one of the most<br />common ways to gather passwords is to copy the system SAM database and<br />then&nbsp; use&nbsp; one&nbsp; of the many good password crackers[1] to &quot;recover&quot; the<br />passwords; of course physical access is almost always required.</p><p>So&nbsp; with syskey the attacker needs to remove the additional encryption<br />layer&nbsp; to&nbsp; get&nbsp; the password hashes (this is not entirely true as some<br />tools can crack even syskeyed hashes while losing some performance)</p><p>The&nbsp; key used by Syskey to encrypt the password hashes (called bootkey<br />or&nbsp; system&nbsp; key) can be generated and stored in three ways. The method<br />to use is selected when running syskey.exe on the hos</p><p>An attacker can steal (maybe at the same time of the SAM database) the<br />system&nbsp; hive and access from there the above mentioned keys to recover<br />the syskey bootkey.</p><p>The tool developed to make this operation is called Bkhive.</p><p>So syskey encrypts the password hashes with the RC4 algorithm using as<br />key &quot;something&quot; derived (through MD5) from the syskey bootkey.</p><p>I&#039;ve&nbsp; developed&nbsp; a&nbsp; tool&nbsp; to&nbsp; automate the above steps and include the<br />features&nbsp; of&nbsp; SAMDUMP. The tool is called SAMDUMP2; SAMDUMP2 can, when<br />given&nbsp; a&nbsp; SAM&nbsp; hive and a bootkey file (generated by Bkreg or Bkhive),<br />output the password hashes in SAMDUMP/PWDUMP format.</p><p>So an attacker with physical access can:</p><p>0)&nbsp; Boot using another OS (maybe Linux or DOS)<br />1)&nbsp; Steal the SAM and SYSTEM hive (from %WINDIR%System32config)<br />2)&nbsp; Recover&nbsp; the&nbsp; syskey bootkey from the SYSTEM hive using Bkhive (or<br />&nbsp; &nbsp; Bkreg on pre Sp4 system)<br />3)&nbsp; Dump the password hashes using SAMDUMP2<br />4)&nbsp; Crack them offline using his favorite cracking tool&quot;</p><p>Additional information: <a href="http://studenti.unina.it/~ncuomo/syskey/syskey.txt">http://studenti.unina.it/~ncuomo/syskey/syskey.txt</a></p><p>Tool URL: <br /><a href="http://studenti.unina.it/~ncuomo/syskey/">http://studenti.unina.it/~ncuomo/syskey/</a> (both located here)</p><p>Reasoning: <br />I think it is a good idea to included these tools because you then have the posibillity to retrieve your windows-password if lost. The S-T-D already has the &#039;chntpw&#039; which can replace data in the SAM file, but there is a chance of loosing data this way and it would be much much more wiser just to get the actual password.. To get access to the system. Rather this than having chance of corrupting/destroying data. Right? <img src="http://forum.s-t-d.org/img/smilies/big_smile.png" width="15" height="15" alt="big_smile" /></p><p>..And one little correction:<br />I noticed that on my S-T-D there is problems with the John-password cracker. The *.chr (all.chr,lanman.chr.. etc.) files doesn&#039;t exist so program cannot function properly. Maybe a new compilation should be considered on the next version of S-T-D, perhaps <img src="http://forum.s-t-d.org/img/smilies/smile.png" width="15" height="15" alt="smile" />?</p><p>Thank you for listening and understanding.</p>]]></content>
			<author>
				<name><![CDATA[SirErugor]]></name>
				<uri>http://forum.s-t-d.org/profile.php?id=2007</uri>
			</author>
			<updated>2004-12-14T16:23:36Z</updated>
			<id>http://forum.s-t-d.org/viewtopic.php?pid=10539#p10539</id>
		</entry>
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